| 22 |
M O T I V E P O W E R D E V E
L O P M E N T |
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Mogul Type Freight Locomotive, as Rebuilt at Altoona
Shops in 1865
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| Cylinders |
18" x 24"
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| Drivers, diam. |
48"
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| Weight on drivers, about |
56,000 lb.
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| Weight, total engine, about |
66,000 lb.
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This locomotive was originally
built in 1853 or 1854, by Smith & Perkins, and was rebuilt at Altoona
with new cylinders, frames and running gear. The two safety valves
were mounted above the sand-box on separate branch-pipes, or "buckhorns,"
with the whistle between them. This locomotive was completely destroyed
by fire in the Pittsburgh riots of 1877. |
death on July 18, 1887. Mr. Samuel M.
Vauclain served as an apprentice, machinist and foreman in the same shops
until 1883, when he engered the service of The Baldwin Locomotive Works.
Baldwin locomotive number 1,000, illustrated
on page 18, was completed on February 28, 1861. It was built for
the Pennsylvania and bore the road number 212 and the name "M.W. Baldwin,"
and was a light passenger locomotive of the 2-4-0 type, with 10x18-inch
cylinders and driving wheels 56 inches in diameter. Two other locomotives
of similar design, but having four-wheeled leading trucks, were subsequently
built.
On June 15, 1862, John P. Laird was appointed
Master of Machinery, which position he hed until May, 1866. Mr. Laird
was an engineer of great ability, and he exerted a marked influence on
the design and development on Pennsylvania motive power. Counspicuous
among his devices were a baloon shaped stack, which proved a great success
as a spark arrester on coal burning locomotives, and a design of two-bar
guide which has survived to the present day and is frequently used on heavy
power. Mr. Laird was also active in rebuilding and modernizing many
of the older locomotives, and in |
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endeavoring, where possible, to standardize
the many types and designs found on the road, the number of which had been
materially increased when the Pennsylvania acquired the equipment of the
State Transportation System in 1857.
The typical passenger locomotive of this period
was of the "American" (4-4-0) type, with spread truck wheels, horizontal
cylinders, plain side valves and Stephenson link motion, and a wagon-top
boiler having a deep firebox between the driving axles. The freight
locomotive of the ten-wheeled (4-6-0) type was in many respects similar,
except that a third pair of wheels was interposed between the truck and
the leading drivers of the passenger locomotive. The larest passenger
locomotives had 17 x 24-inch cylinders and driving wheels from 60 to 66
inches in diameter, while the heavy ten wheelers, for freight service,
had 18 x 22-inch cylinders and 54-inch driving wheels. Invectors
were being subtituted for pumps to a limited extent, and the need of a
brake more efficient than the ordinary hand-brake, especially in passenger
service, was becoming realized. The Loughridge Chain Brake was used
to a considerable extent on the Pennsylvania, and was one of the most effective |
| This locomotive represented
a design introduced on the Philadelphia & Reading R.R. by James Millholland,
and was purchased by the Pennsylvania for experimental purposes.
It had 19 x 24-inch cylinders, and 48-inch drivers, and weighed 70,000
pounds with 50,000 on drivers. These locomotives were popularly known
as "Gun boats." |
|
Ten-wheeled Freight Locomotive, built by the Norris Works
at Lancaster, in 1866 |
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