8 M O T I V E   P O W E R   D E V E L O P M E N T  
Baldwin Passenger Locomotive built for the Camden and Amboy
Type of Baldwin Passenger Locomotive built for the Camden & Amboy R. R. in 1846
Cylinders, 13¾" x 18". Drivers, diameter, 60". Weight. total, about 37,000 lb. 

inches; the driving wheels were 48 inches in diameter, and the total weight of the locomotive was about 60,900 pounds. Anthracite was used as fuel. 
     The records seem to indicate that subsequent to the building of the original "Monster," three others were built at Trenton, N. J. At least one of these was rebuilt, in 1869, as a 4-6-0 type locomotive, and continued in service until 1875. 
     The second group of locomotives referred to included the famous "Stevens" engines, which were built by Norris Bros. for fast passenger service during the years 1848-1851. These locomotives each had a single pair of driving wheels, and the forward end of the engine was supported on a six-wheeled truck. Two of the locomotives had drivers seven feet in diameter, while on the remaining five the wheel diameter was eight feet. The cylinder diameters varied from 13 to 14 inches, and the stroke in all cases was 38 inches, except on one locomotive which had a 34-inch stroke. The weight in working order was 46,000 to 47,000 pounds. These locomotives suffered on account of low adhesion and boiler capacity. The boiler was set low down, and the firebox had a sloping 

 roof sheet which extended under the driving axle. The fuel used was anthracite. These locomotives were slow in starting, and could handle only light trains, but made fast time when running. The majority of them were rebuilt as 4-4-0 type locomotives with 72-inch wheels, and were used in freight service. 
     From a historical point of view, one of the most interesting Baldwin locomotives built for service in New Jersey was the "Black Hawk," completed in May, 1835, for the Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad, and bearing the construction number 11.  It was of the 4-2-0 type, and was the first Baldwin locomotive with outside cylinders. It was also the first to use a device, patented by E. L. Miller, for transferring part of the weight of the tender to the locomotive, in order to increase the adhesion when starting. This device was frequently used by Mr. Baldwin on his single driver locomotives. The "Black Hawk" is illustrated on page 10. 
     The locomotives of the New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Company included a number of interesting designs. Among these was the first true Mogul (2-6-0) type, which was built by the Rogers Locomotive Works in 1863. Although locomotives with this wheel arrangement had previously been built by Baldwin, Norris and other  
 
 The Monster
 "The "Monster," Camden & Amboy R. R., as originally built
Cylinders, 18" x 30". Drivers, diameter, 48". Weight, total engine, about 60,900 lb.
 

 
<- Page 7 Table of Contents Page 9 ->
 
This page has been accessed 2820 times since October 11, 1998
Last modified on:
©1998-2018 Robert Schoenberg - robs@railfan.net